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X
XAML
Stands for "Extensible Application Markup Language" and is pronounced "zam-uhl." XAML is a markup language developed by Microsoft and is used for creating application interfaces. It is similar to HTML, which defines the content of a webpage.
Like other markup languages, XAML uses tags to define objects. Tags can be nested within other tags to define objects within objects. The attributes of an object, such as the name, size, shape, and color, are defined within the tag. Below is an example of a basic XAML tag for a button:
Button x:name="button" Content="TechTerms" HorizontalAlignment="Left" VerticalAlignment="Top" Margin="150,300,0,0"/
XAML was introduced in 2006 along with WPF (Windows Presentation Foundation). WPF is an extension of the Microsoft .NET Framework that includes a display engine for rendering interface elements within a Windows application. XAML is used to define and link these elements.
Developers can create XAML code from scratch or use a program like Microsoft Expression Studio or Blend for Visual Studio to generate XAML code using a WYSIWYG editor. XAML is supported by any Windows app that is built using WPF or the Universal Windows Platform.
File Extension:.XAML
XHTML
Stands for "Extensible Hypertext Markup Language." Yes, apparently "Extensible" starts with an "X." XHTML is a spinoff of the hypertext markup language (HTML) used for creating Web pages. It is based on the HTML 4.0 syntax, but has been modified to follow the guidelines of XML, the Extensible Markup Language. Therefore, XHTML 1.0 is sometimes referred to as HTML 5.0.
Because XHTML is "extensible," Web developers can create their own objects and tags for each Web page they build. This gives the developers more control over the appearance and organization of their Web pages. The only requirement is that the custom tags and attributes are defined in a document type definition (DTD), that is referenced by the XHTML page.
XHTML pages must also conform to a more strict syntax than regular HTML pages. While Web browsers are rather lenient and forgiving of HTML syntax, XHTML pages must have perfect syntax. This means no missing quotes or incorrect capitalization in the markup language. While the strict syntax requires more meticulous Web page creation, it also ensures Web pages will appear more uniform across different browser platforms.
XML
Stands for "Extensible Markup Language." (Yes, technically it should be EML). XML is used to define documents with a standard format that can be read by any XML-compatible application. The language can be used with HTML pages, but XML itself is not a markup language. Instead, it is a "metalanguage" that can be used to create markup languages for specific applications. For example, it can describe items that may be accessed when a Web page loads. Basically, XML allows you to create a database of information without having an actual database. While it is commonly used in Web applications, many other programs can use XML documents as well.
XMP
Stands for "Extensible Metadata Platform." XMP is a universal metadata format developed by Adobe Systems and standardized by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). It provides a standard format for sharing metadata between multiple applications.
Many file formats include internal metadata, which describes the contents of the file. For example, JPEG images created by digital cameras typically include EXIF data, which defines the shutter speed, aperture, focal length, flash setting, and other information related to the image captured by the camera. While EXIF is a universally recognized format, other types of metadata are saved in proprietary formats that can only be read by a specific program. This makes it difficult or impossible for other programs to process the metadata.
Adobe's XMP specification provides a solution to this problem by outlining a standard format for storing metadata. It uses standard XML and RDF syntax to define metadata properties and attributes. Below is an example of XMP text:
The "extensible" part of XMP means it can be used to describe any type of data. However, several specific XMP schemas have been developed to store metadata for common file types. Examples include PDFs, Photoshop documents, compressed images, and camera raw images. Each schema uses a predefined namespace, which specifies property names. For example, the Photoshop schema includes properties such as pdf:Keywords, pdf:PDFVersion, and pdf:Producer.
XMP data is usually stored within an existing file, such as a Photoshop document. However, it can also be saved externally as a separate .XMP file that is associated with a specific document. Since the data is saved in a standard format, XMP files can be read by any program that supports XMP.
File extension:.XMP
XOR Gate
A server is a computer that handles requests for data, email, file transfers, and other network services from other computers.
XSLT
Stands for "Extensible Style Sheet Language Transformation." While XML is supposed to be a standardized language, not all XML documents use the same type of formatting. Therefore, the documents sometimes need to be "transformed," or modified so that another script or program will be able to read them. XSLT make this transition possible.
An XSLT style sheet provides a template with rules that XML documents must conform to. It receives an XML document as input and outputs a file that is recognizable by the intended program. For example, an XSLT may take a XML document that contains the technical specifications of a computer and turn it into an HTML page that can be displayed in a Web browser. Another XSLT may turn a XML document containing new stories and turn it into a printer-friendly text document.
XSLTs can be used to transform XML documents into a modified XML file or a completely separate format, such as the HTML and text examples above. In fact, by using XSLT style sheets, it is possible to output the same XML document on the Web, in a database program, in an e-mail message, or in a printed document. Also, because XML uses standard formatting based on tags, a single XSLT can be effective on a large range of XML-formatted files.
XQuery
XML Query Language (XQuery) is a query and programming language for processing XML documents and data. XML data and other databases that store data in a format analogous to HTML can be processed with XQuery. The main objective of XQuery is to provide query mechanisms for data extraction from real and virtual Web based documents. It aims to link Web and database technologies with the help of XML.
Xvid
Xvid is a popular open-source video compression technology. The video codec was developed as an open-source alternative to other commercial video codecs like DivX. The video compression of Xvid is based on MPEG-4 and provides good enough quality compression for a full-length DVD movie to fit onto single CD, while the original image quality is maintained.
x86, x32(processor)
x86 is a term used to describe a CPU instruction set compatible with the Intel 8086 and its successors, including the Pentium and others made by Intel and other companies. This is the CPU architecture used in most desktop and laptop computers. Many 21st century workstations and servers also use x86 processors. In 1985, the original 16 bit x86 architecture was extended to 32 bits with the introduction of the i386 processor. It was extended again to 64 bits in 2003 with the introduction of the AMD Opteron processor.
Intel adopted the 64-bit computing bit architecture in 2004 with the later versions of the Prescott Pentium 4. The different versions are backward-compatible, meaning that a 32-bit x86 CPU can run a 32-bit or 16-bit operating system, and a 64-bit x86 CPU can run a 16, 32, or 64-bit operating system. All x86 CPUs (with the rare exception of some Intel CPUs used in embedded systems) start in 16-bit real mode. A modern operating system (or sometimes the bootloader) switches the CPU into 32-bit protected mode or 64-bit long mode before booting the kernel.
x86-64, x64(processor architecture)
x86-64 is the general name of a series of 64-bit processors and their associated instruction set architecture. These processors are compatible with legacy x86 software.
AMD and Intel are the major manufacturers, and VIA also supported it with VIA Nano processors. They call their own 64-bit processors AMD64, Intel64 and VIA x86-64 processors, respectively. Game consoles such as Microsoft Xbox One[1] and Sony PlayStation 4[2] use their own semi-customized AMD64-based APU as main processors.
x64 is another name used to refer to 64-bit extended systems[3] based on this kind of processors. People often use x64 to refer to its associated instruction set architecture and processor.
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